Keyboard shortcuts

Press ← or → to navigate between chapters

Press S or / to search in the book

Press ? to show this help

Press Esc to hide this help

Aggregate

Summarizes many rows into one row.

When applied:

  • without group, it produces one row from the whole table,
  • within a group pipeline, it produces one row from each group.
aggregate {expression or assign operations}

Note

Currently, all declared aggregation functions are min, max, count, average, stddev, avg, sum and count_distinct. We are in the process of filling out std lib.

Examples

PRQL

from employees
aggregate {
  average salary,
  ct = count salary
}

SQL

SELECT
  AVG(salary),
  COUNT(*) AS ct
FROM
  employees

PRQL

from employees
group {title, country} (
  aggregate {
    average salary,
    ct = count salary,
  }
)

SQL

SELECT
  title,
  country,
  AVG(salary),
  COUNT(*) AS ct
FROM
  employees
GROUP BY
  title,
  country

Aggregate is required

Unlike in SQL, using an aggregation function in derive or select (or any other transform except aggregate) will not trigger aggregation. By default, PRQL will interpret such attempts functions as window functions:

PRQL

from employees
derive {avg_sal = average salary}

SQL

SELECT
  *,
  AVG(salary) OVER () AS avg_sal
FROM
  employees

This ensures that derive does not manipulate the number of rows, but only ever adds a column. For more information, see window transform.